Which of the following is a disadvantage of hydroelectric power?

• A. Renewable energy
• B. Flood control
• C. Domestic energy source
• D. Expensive to build

Answer: (D)

The main concept here is that a renewable energy option can still have significant drawbacks, especially in terms of upfront costs. Hydroelectric power works by damming rivers to create reservoirs that drive turbines, which means large-scale infrastructure—dams, reservoirs, powerhouses, transmission lines. That scale brings very high initial construction costs and long timelines to build and amortize, along with environmental and social mitigation expenses. Those upfront financial barriers are the key disadvantage.

The other points describe benefits: hydroelectric power is renewably sourced, it can help manage floods by regulating water release, and it can be produced domestically, reducing reliance on imported fuels.