Which option is NOT listed as a mitigation for intermittency?

• A. Energy storage.
• B. Demand response.
• C. Diversified energy mix.
• D. Building seawalls.

Answer: (D)

Intermittency in electricity arises when the power output from renewable sources like solar and wind fluctuates because those resources depend on weather. To keep the grid reliable, utilities use tools that balance supply and demand. Energy storage captures extra power when generation is high and releases it when generation drops, smoothing out the supply over time. Demand response helps by reducing or shifting consumer usage during times of low supply or high demand, easing the load on the system. A diversified energy mix combines several different sources, so gaps in one source’s availability can be covered by others with different patterns, reducing overall variability. Building seawalls, while important for protecting coastlines and infrastructure, does not directly affect electricity generation or the timing of power supply, so it does not mitigate intermittency.